Comegramo

description

Description. Dorsal-fin rays XII, 14 – 15 (usually 15), first unbranched, remaining branched; anal-fin rays III, 10, all branched; pectoral-fin rays 17 – 18, first ray shorter, unbranched, second ray about three times longer, unbranched, remaining ones branched; pelvic-fin rays I, 5, all branched; principal caudal-fin rays 9 + 8 = 17, uppermost and lowermost rays unbranched; lateral-line scales 52 – 57; scales above lateral line to base of first dorsal-fin spine 10 – 13 and 15 – 17 scales below lateral line to first anal-fin spine; gill rakers on first arch 21 – 25 (8 – 11 on upper); gill rakers on second arch 20 – 23 (rarely 18 or 19); branchiostegal rays 7. Body compressed, relatively deep and long, greatest depth at spinous dorsal origin. Head large, dorsal profile steeply inclined from snout to first dorsal fin spine, with slight concavity before nostrils, also over eye in some specimens, forming small bump. Snout convex, moderately long as wide. Eye large, ellipsoid. Nostrils small, anterior teardrop shaped, with small dorsal skin flap, above horizontal line through lower third of eye, posterior oval, crowned with tiny slender, fleshy papillae, about half the size of first, sl

Redescription of Orthopristis ruber and Orthopristis scapularis (Haemulidae: Perciformes), with a hybridization zone off the Atlantic coast of South America

description

Figures 1 a – f, Tables 3 & 4 Pristipoma rubrum Cuvier [G.] in Cuvier & Valenciennes 1830: 283 [type locality; Brazil]. Syntypes: MNHN 0000 – 4084 (2), 7734 (2), A – 0457 (1), A – 7821 (1).

Redescription of Orthopristis ruber and Orthopristis scapularis (Haemulidae: Perciformes), with a hybridization zone off the Atlantic coast of South America

description

Fisheries. Orthopristis ruber is frequently caught by artisanal fishers using lines, weirs or gillnets. The species is also taken as by-catch, in particular by industrial pink shrimp fisheries, and is typically retained for sale, rather than being discarded (Vianna & Almeida 2005).

Redescription of Orthopristis ruber and Orthopristis scapularis (Haemulidae: Perciformes), with a hybridization zone off the Atlantic coast of South America

diagnosis

Diagnosis. Orthopristis ruber can be differentiated from its congeners as follows: from Orthopristis chrysoptera, found from New York to Cuba, by having 10 rays in the anal fin (vs. 12 – 13); from Orthopristis cantharinus, found in the Galapagos Islands, by having 52 – 57 scales with pores in the lateral line (vs. 65 – 72, Table 4 a); 11 – 13 scales above the lateral line (vs. 9 – 10, Table 4 b), and 10 rays in the anal fin (vs. 12 – 13); from Orthopristis chalceus, found from the Gulf of California to Peru (including the Galapagos), by having 11 – 13 scales above the lateral line (vs. 9 – 10, Table 4 b); from Orthopristis forbesi, found in the Galapagos Islands, by having a finely-serrated pre-operculum (vs. smooth), 52 – 57 scales with pores in the lateral line (vs. 80 – 85, Table 4 a), 11 – 13 scales above the lateral line (vs. 9 – 10, Table 4 b), and 10 rays in the anal fin (vs. 11); from Orthopristis reddingi, found from the Gulf of California to southern Mexico, by the scaleless soft dorsal and anal fins (vs. with small scales on membranes) and 11 – 13 scales above the lateral line (vs. 8, Table 4 b); from Orthopristis scapularis, found in northern and northeastern South Amer

Redescription of Orthopristis ruber and Orthopristis scapularis (Haemulidae: Perciformes), with a hybridization zone off the Atlantic coast of South America