Yellow-throated Woodpecker

The yellow-throated woodpecker is 19 to 20 cm (7.5 to 7.9 in) long and weighs 44 to 63 g (1.6 to 2.2 oz). Males and females have the same plumage except on their heads. Males of the nominate subspecies P. f. flavigula are red from forehead to hindneck and on the malar (cheek); the former area has black feather bases showing through. The rest of the head including the chin and throat is bright golden-yellow. The female has red only on the nape and the rest of its crown is golden-yellow with green feather tips; its head is otherwise like the male's. Nominate adults have yellowish green upperparts that are brighter on the shoulders and back. Their flight feathers are mostly brownish black with cinnamon patches on the inner webs. Their tail is black with greenish edges on the feathers. Their underparts are green; the breast feathers have whitish centers and black tips while the belly and undertail coverts appear barred or scaly with black. Their shortish beak is black with a paler base, their iris brown, and the legs dark green-gray. Juveniles have duller and greener upperparts than adults and a yellow throat but are otherwise darker on their underparts. Males may have a small red patch on the crown and females have an entirely green crown. Subspecies P. f. magnus is identical to the nominate except that the male does not have a red malar area. P. f. …

The subspecies of yellow-throated woodpecker are found thus:

P. f. flavigula (Boddaert, 1783), extreme eastern Colombia east through southern Venezuela and the Guianas and south into northern Brazil P. f. magnus (Cherrie & Reichenberger, 1921), southeastern Colombia south through eastern Ecuador and eastern Peru into northern Bolivia and east into western Brazil P. f. erythropis (Vieillot, 1818), separately in eastern Brazil's Pernambuco state and between the states of Bahia and São Paulo in southeastern Brazil The yellow-throated woodpecker inhabits the interior and edges of mature terra firme and várzea forests. Subspecies P. f. erythropis is mostly found in drier caatinga habitat. It is a species of the lowlands, ranging in elevation from sea level in the Guianas and Brazil to 300 m (1,000 ft) in Ecuador and 500 m (1,600 ft) in Peru.

The yellow-throated woodpecker forages from the forest's middle levels to the canopy, by itself, in pairs, or as part of a mixed species feeding flock. It seeks food vigorously by pecking, hammering, and flaking off bark; it less often probes. Its diet has not been studied but is known to include ants.